Covid-19 Sentry

Contents

• From Preprints
• From Clinical Trials
• From PubMed
• From Patent Search

From Preprints

• THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE QUALITY OF NURSING SERVICES IN SURGERY AND INTERNAL DISEASE CARE ROOMS IN 2021 BAUBAU CITY HOSPITAL -
  Service quality must start from customer needs and end with customer satisfaction and positive perceptions of the services provided. However, the challenge is that the customer’s assessment of the service they receive is more subjective. To increase the utilization of health facilities, it is necessary to make corrections to public perceptions so that they are able to meet the expectations of consumers. If the customer is satisfied with good service, then the consumer will show a great opportunity to make a repeat purchase. COVID19 Worker Health Promotion must be regulated in terms of changes, from the implementation of COVID19 management instructions, new guidelines must be made, changes in nurse-patient interaction, with personal protective equipment (PPE), Covid19 fear or transmitting fear or transmitting. This new habit can affect the quality of care services The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the Covid 19 pandemic on the quality of nursing services in the Surgical and Disease Treatment rooms in the Baubau City Hospital in 2021. This type of research is a descriptive study using a cross-sectional approach. Therefore, it is a type of investigation that emphasizes measuring time only once at this point. The results showed that there was no influence between the Covid-19 pandemic on the quality of nursing services in the internal medicine and surgery rooms at Baubau Hospital in 2021, with a p-value = 0.230 or greater than a = 0.05, It is hoped that the hospital will maintain the quality standards provided by nurses in the surgical treatment room and those related to diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic so that patient satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic always feels pleasant.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE QUALITY OF NURSING SERVICES IN SURGERY AND INTERNAL DISEASE CARE ROOMS IN 2021 BAUBAU CITY HOSPITAL
• THE INFLUENCE OF WORKLOAD ON NURSE WORK STRESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FLAMBOYAN AND INTERNA ROOMS AT RSUD KOTA BAUBAU 2021 -
  Job stress is a condition in which there is interaction between humans and work and is characterized by human changes that prevent it from having an impact on normal functioning. all professional employees in the hospital are at risk of experiencing stress, but nurses have a higher level of stress The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of workload on nurses’ work stress during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Flamboyan and Interna Rooms at the Baubau City Hospital. This type of investigation uses analytical investigations to find out how and why phenomena occur. A cross-sectional design simultaneously studying the two independent variables was adopted. The purpose of this study was to find out whether workload had an impact on the work pressure of Flamboyán and nurses at the Baubau City Hospital during the Covid19 pandemic. The results of the study showed that the most interviewees were moderate workload and moderate work stress, namely 25 people (17.80) and 8 respondents who had work stress (18.50). As long as people with high workloads with 8 types of heavy work stress (18.50). Based on the results of the Kruskal Wallis H-Test analysis with a value of & agr; 0.016 (α < 0.05). Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an effect of burden on nurses’ work stress.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: THE INFLUENCE OF WORKLOAD ON NURSE WORK STRESS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN FLAMBOYAN AND INTERNA ROOMS AT RSUD KOTA BAUBAU 2021
• Assessment of mobilization strategies in the Philippines to address repeated public hesitancy on COVID-19 vaccine -
  The objective of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to the current mobilization strategies in the country to address repeated public hesitancy on COVID-19 vaccine.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Assessment of mobilization strategies in the Philippines to address repeated public hesitancy on COVID-19 vaccine
• Seeing One Another: The Creation of The Sawubona Healing Circles -
  In 2020, The Association of Black Psychologists (ABPsi) drew attention to how the history of racism in the U.S. had created and exacerbated extant medical racial inequities to the detriment of Black people. In recognition that solutions based solely in Western frameworks cannot fully address the mental health needs of Black people, ABPsi began devoting collaborative efforts to develop culturally-grounded healing responses for the unique experiences of race-based invisibility and trauma. Amid the pandemic, people of African-descent also experienced a number of other mass racial traumas, including a wave of widely publicized police violence. Beginning with COVID-19, these intersecting pandemics of racism elucidated the need for healing, particularly culturally-grounding healing. In consultation with the Black Family Summit, ABPsi developed a pilot investigation, the Sawubona Healing Circle (SHC) initiative, which are culturally-grounding healing circles to support Black first-responders. Using an African-centered worldview, the circles recognize and validate the specific constellation of anti- Black traumas and stressors, and equip them with African-centered healing methods. This paper outlines the theory, development, implementation, and initial evaluation of the SHC intervention.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Seeing One Another: The Creation of The Sawubona Healing Circles
• Whole transcriptome profiling of placental pathobiology in SARS-CoV-2 pregnancies identifies a preeclampsia-like gene signature -
  Pregnant people infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus have shown a higher incidence of “preeclampsia-like syndrome”. Preeclampsia is a systematic syndrome that affects 5% of people worldwide and is the leading cause of maternal mortality. It is characterised by placental dysfunction, leading to poor placental perfusion, maternal hypertension and neurological disturbances. Here, we used whole-transcriptome, spatial profiling of placental tissues to analyse the expression of genes between placentae from pregnant participants who contracted SARS-CoV-2 and those prior to the pandemic. Our analysis of the trophoblast and villous core stromal cell populations revealed tissue-specific pathways enriched in the SARS-CoV-2 placentae that align with a pre-eclampsia signature. Most notably, we found enrichment of pathways involved in vascular tension, blood pressure, inflammation, and oxidative stress. This study illustrates how spatially resolved transcriptomic analysis can aid in understanding the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy that are thought to induce “preeclampsia-like syndrome”. Our study highlights the benefits of spatial profiling to map the crosstalk between trophoblast and villous core stromal cells linked to pathways involved in “preeclampsia-like syndrome.”
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Whole transcriptome profiling of placental pathobiology in SARS-CoV-2 pregnancies identifies a preeclampsia-like gene signature
• Management of Covid-19 booster mRNA vaccines with Colchicine and NSAIDS -
  An opinion article on the management and prophylaxis of cardiac inflammation during covid19 booster vaccinations in populations at risk. Some jurisdictions have decided on mixing several vaccines to bypass risks posed by one vaccine or the other.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Management of Covid-19 booster mRNA vaccines with Colchicine and NSAIDS
• Drug design of anti-covid19 agents -
  The first step to drug development that precedes formulation is drug design. In this commentary the specific design of antiviral agents for Covid19 and future viruses, which can be achieved with different strategies, is highlighted. An extended release type of formulation would be ideal for site-specific antivirals however early in vitro or toxicology screening is very important. A lot of preparations are already available to be exploited. Conversely, some are available for pediatric use, i.e lung surfactants, which understandably the supply of is aimed at premature children. New lung surfactant design for adults could however be also incentivised which may help re-establishing autonomous respiration (autonomically mediated) post-covid19 infection of the individual. The surfactants could also help counteract dyspnea which is sometimes a known side effect of antiviral agents.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Drug design of anti-covid19 agents
• COVID-19 mutation variant mechanism -
  The UK government has recently announced how the Covid19 virus has mutated, causing a surge in the cases in Essex, and other parts of England, however, this mutation had already been observed later in the Summer 2020 in a population of Minks and in Denmark. A “prescient” analysis of the mutation is explored in this short paper. Potential symptoms may involve not just high fever but more infections due to major cough expulsion from increased hydrosolubility of the viral proteins.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: COVID-19 mutation variant mechanism
• The effectiveness of masks and modern sterilization strategies being forgotten in current pandemic -
  Short communication written on 3rd April 2020 while essentially travelling amid the Covid-19 epidemic.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: The effectiveness of masks and modern sterilization strategies being forgotten in current pandemic
• Covid19 and Future Threats: A Law Enforcement Delphi study -
  On 30 January 2020 the World Health Organisation declared the outbreak of Covid-19 a “Public Health Emergency of International concern” which posed an unprecedented threat. Chief police officers recognised that quick decisions needed to be taken, working with partners to ensure public safety and to help contain the spread of the virus. The National Police Chiefs’ Council (NPCC) assumed the lead for the national policing response, using an enhanced cross portfolio command structure named Operation Talla. The work described in this report was commissioned by the NPCC and conducted by the Dawes Centre for Future Crime at UCL, in consultation with Op Talla, to understand the effects of the pandemic on the policing response and future impacts. Here, we report the findings of the (Delphi) study, the aims of which were to elicit expert opinion from a wide range of UK law enforcement agency stakeholders (LEAs) to understand their perspectives about the police response to the pandemic, how the pandemic affected policing, what worked well and should continue, how the pandemic affected crime, and how crime might change as a consequence of other future drivers of changes (e.g. climate change, Brexit and technological change).
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Covid19 and Future Threats: A Law Enforcement Delphi study
• Broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors targeting pandemic potential RNA viruses -
  RNA viruses continue to remain a clear and present threat for potential pandemics due to their rapid evolution. To mitigate their impact, we urgently require antiviral agents that can inhibit multiple families of disease-causing viruses, such as arthropod-borne and respiratory pathogens. Potentiating host antiviral pathways can prevent or limit viral infections before escalating into a major outbreak. Therefore, it is critical to identify broad-spectrum antiviral agents. We have tested a small library of innate immune agonists targeting pathogen recognition receptors, including TLRs, STING, NOD, Dectin and cytosolic DNA or RNA sensors. We observed that TLR3, STING, TLR8 and Dectin-1 ligands inhibited arboviruses, Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus, to varying degrees. Cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) STING agonists, such as cAIMP, diABZI, and 2’,3’-cGAMP, and Dectin-1 agonist scleroglucan, demonstrated the most potent, broad-spectrum antiviral function. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that CHIKV-infected cells had larger number of differentially expressed genes than of WNV and ZIKV. Furthermore, gene expression analysis showed that cAIMP treatment rescued cells from CHIKV-induced dysregulation of cell repair, immune, and metabolic pathways. In addition, cAIMP provided protection against CHIKV in a CHIKV-arthritis mouse model. Cardioprotective effects of synthetic STING ligands against CHIKV, WNV, SARS-CoV-2 and enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections were demonstrated using human cardiomyocytes. Interestingly, the direct-acting antiviral drug remdesivir, a nucleoside analogue, was not effective against CHIKV and WNV, but exhibited potent antiviral effects against SARS-CoV-2, RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), and EV-D68. Our study identifies broad-spectrum antivirals effective against multiple families of pandemic potential RNA viruses, which can be rapidly deployed to prevent or mitigate future pandemics.
  🖺 Full Text HTML: Broad-spectrum antiviral inhibitors targeting pandemic potential RNA viruses
• Elective Surgery Before, During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in England 2015 - 2022: A Database Study -

  Objective To track elective surgery activity before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in England. To examine for hypothesised differences in use of independent vs NHS hospitals, and more urgent vs less urgent operations over the pre- and post-COVID time windows. Design We extracted data from the Hospital Episodes Statistics database from 1st April 2015 to 30th April 2022. This database contains all emergency and elective patient admissions, outpatient appointments and A&E attendances funded by the NHS in England. Setting NHS and Independent hospitals in England. Participants Adult patients (over 18 years) admitted for elective surgery between April 2015 and April 2022, who were classified as being in priority groups 3 or 4. Main Outcomes Total operations, operations by hospital type, and NHS England priority ranking. Results The data show that there was a large reduction in the number of elective operations during lockdown with incomplete recovery thereafter. Also the proportion of more urgent surgeries and surgeries in independent hospitals increased in the post-COVID vs pre-COVID time windows. Conclusion Under conditions of high-demand, higher value elective surgery procedures are awarded increasing priority and the Independent sector bears a larger share of the load.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Elective Surgery Before, During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic in England 2015 - 2022: A Database Study
• Application of Elastic Net Regression for Modeling COVID-19 Sociodemographic Risk Factors -

  Objectives: COVID-19 has been at the forefront of global concern since its emergence in December of 2019. Determining the social factors that drive case incidence is paramount to mitigating disease spread. We gathered data from the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) along with Democratic voting percentage to attempt to understand which county-level sociodemographic metrics had a significant correlation with case rate for COVID-19. Methods: We used elastic net regression due to issues with variable collinearity and model overfitting. Our modelling framework included using the ten Health and Human Services regions as submodels for the two time periods 22 March 2020 to 15 June 2021 (prior to the Delta time period) and 15 June 2021 to 1 November 2021 (the Delta time period). Results: Statistically, elastic net improved prediction when compared to multiple regression, as almost every HHS model consistently had a lower root mean square error (RMSE) and satisfactory R2 coefficients. These analyses show that the percentage of minorities, disabled individuals, individuals living in group quarters, and individuals who voted Democratic correlated significantly with COVID-19 attack rate as determined by Variable Importance Plots (VIPs). Conclusions: The percentage of minorities per county correlated positively with cases in the earlier time period and negatively in the later time period, which complements previous research. In contrast, higher percentages of disabled individuals per county correlated negatively in the earlier time period. Counties with an above average percentage of group quarters experienced a high attack rate early which then diminished in significance after the primary vaccine rollout. Higher Democratic voting consistently correlated negatively with cases, coinciding with previous findings regarding a partisan divide in COVID-19 cases at the county level. Our findings can assist policymakers in distributing resources to more vulnerable counties in future pandemics based on SVI.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: Application of Elastic Net Regression for Modeling COVID-19 Sociodemographic Risk Factors
• High proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses -

  The estimated mortality rate of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic varied greatly around the world with multiple countries in East, Central, and West Africa having significantly lower rates of COVID-19 related fatalities than many resource-rich nations with significantly earlier wide-spread access to life-saving vaccines. One possible reason for this lower mortality could be the presence of pre-existing cross-reactive immunological responses in these areas of the world. To explore this hypothesis, stored peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Ugandans collected from 2015-2017 prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (n=29) and from hospitalized Ugandan COVID-19 patients (n=3) were examined using flow-cytometry for the presence of pre-existing SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell populations using four T-cell epitope mega pools. Of pre-pandemic participants, 89.7% (26/29) had either CD4+ or CD8+, or both, SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses. Specifically, CD4+ T-cell reactivity (72.4%) and CD8+ T-cell reactivity (65.5%) were relatively similar, and 13 participants (44.8%) had both types of cross-reactive types of T-cells present. There were no significant differences in response by sex in the population. The rates of cross-reactive T-cell populations in these Ugandans is higher than previous estimates from resource-rich countries like the United States (20-50% reactivity). It is unclear what role, if any, this cross-reactivity played in decreasing COVID-19 related mortality in Uganda and other African countries, but does suggest that a better understanding of global pre-existing immunological cross-reactivity could be an informative data of epidemiological intelligence moving forward.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: High proportion of Ugandans with pre-pandemic SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses
• COVID-19 and Mental Health in China: Effects of Personality and Demographics -

  China was the first country affected by the COVID-19 virus and it reacted strongly in the first months of 2020. This paper presents new evidence on the deterioration in mental health in China between 2018 and 2020. Using two waves of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) we can follow the same individuals pre and during the pandemic periods. We find clear evidence of a moderate level of mental health deterioration between 2018 and 2020. The prevalence of severe cases of depression, measured using an eight-item version of the common CES-D scale, increased from 6.33% in 2018 to 7.54% in 2020; quantifiable as around a 19% increase. This deterioration is higher for individuals who are subject to strict lockdowns, about 0.3 symptoms more on average, and it is stronger among those who already reported symptoms of depression in the 2018 wave of data. The effects we find are larger for individuals with more open personalities: one standard deviation of the Openness trait corresponds to 0.08 more symptoms, while more Neurotic individuals do not seem to be more affected. Younger cohorts and individuals with lower levels of education are more affected. Males seem slightly more affected than females, although this difference is statistically non-significant.

  🖺 Full Text HTML: COVID-19 and Mental Health in China: Effects of Personality and Demographics

From Clinical Trials

• Digital Tools to Expand COVID-19 Testing in Exposed Individuals in Cameroon - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Other: Digital based contact tracing
  Sponsors:   Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation;   Find
  Recruiting

• Evaluation of the Outcome of COVID-19 Patients Discharged Home on Oxygen Therapy - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Other: Phone satisfaction questionnaire
  Sponsor:   Centre Hospitalier René Dubos
  Not yet recruiting

• Postural Changes and Severe COVID-19 - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Behavioral: Postural interventions based on pulmonary imaging
  Sponsor:   Wuhan Union Hospital, China
  Recruiting

• A Chatbot to Enhance COVID-19 Knowledge - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Device: chatbot;   Other: Printed educational booklet
  Sponsor:   Sun Yat-sen University
  Not yet recruiting

• Awaken Prone Positioning Ventinlation in COVID-19 Patients - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Procedure: Awaken prone positioning ventilation
  Sponsor:   Southeast University, China
  Enrolling by invitation

• Study of SHEN26 Capsule in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: SHEN26 dose 1;   Drug: SHEN26 dose 2;   Drug: SHEN26 placebo
  Sponsor:   Shenzhen Kexing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  Recruiting

• Study on the Safety and Efficacy of Meplazumab for Injection Patients COVID-19 - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Biological: Meplazumab foe injection;   Other: Normal saline
  Sponsor:   Jiangsu Pacific Meinuoke Bio Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
  Not yet recruiting

• Study on the Safety and Efficacy of Meplazumab for Injection in Severe Patients With COVID-19 - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Biological: Meplazumab for injection;   Other: Normal saline
  Sponsor:   Jiangsu Pacific Meinuoke Bio Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
  Not yet recruiting

• A Phase 2 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of QLS1128 Orally in Symptomatic Participants With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: QLS1128;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
  Recruiting

• Bright Light Therapy for Post-COVID-19 Fatigue - Condition:   Post COVID-19 Condition
  Interventions:   Device: Bright light therapy;   Device: Dim red light therapy
  Sponsor:   Chinese University of Hong Kong
  Not yet recruiting

• Oropharyngeal Immunoprophylaxis With High Polyphenolic Olive Oil as Clinical Spectrum Mitigating Factor in COVID-19. - Condition:   COVID-19
  Intervention:   Dietary Supplement: High polyphenolic olive oil. (Early harvest olive oil).
  Sponsor:   Hospital General Nuestra Señora del Prado
  Completed

• Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Azvudine in Preventing SARS-Cov-2 Infection in Ousehold in China - Condition:   COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: Azvudine;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsors:   Shanghai Henlius Biotech;   Huashan Hospital;   Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical Industrial Development Co. Ltd.;   HeNan Sincere Biotech Co., Ltd
  Recruiting

• Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of FB2001 for Inhalation in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19 - Condition:   Mild to Moderate COVID-19
  Interventions:   Drug: FB2001;   Drug: FB2001 placebo
  Sponsor:   Frontier Biotechnologies Inc.
  Recruiting

• A Randomized, Phase I Study of DNA Vaccine OC-007 as a Booster Dose of COVID-19 Vaccine - Conditions:   COVID-19 Respiratory Infection;   COVID-19 Vaccine Adverse Reaction
  Interventions:   Biological: DNA vaccine OC-007;   Other: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Matti Sällberg
  Not yet recruiting

• Multicenter Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Study to Investigate Azvudine in Symptomatic Adults With COVID-19 at Increased Risk of Progressing to Severe Illness - Condition:   COVID-19 Respiratory Infection
  Interventions:   Drug: Azvudine;   Drug: Placebo
  Sponsor:   Peking Union Medical College Hospital
  Not yet recruiting

From PubMed

• Immunological and metabolic characteristics of the Omicron variants infection - The Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2, primarily authenticated in November 2021 in South Africa, has initiated the 5th wave of global pandemics. Here, we systemically examined immunological and metabolic characteristics of Omicron variants infection. We found Omicron resisted to neutralizing antibody targeting receptor binding domain (RBD) of wildtype SARS-CoV-2. Omicron could hardly be neutralized by sera of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescents infected with the Delta variant….

• Steroid induced secondary immune deficiency - Despite their widespread clinical use, oral corticosteroids (OCSs) are well known to be associated with a myriad of adverse effects, including immunosuppression. By inhibiting transcription factors and affecting leukocyte function, prolonged OCS use leads to significant CD4 lymphopenia, and also often leads to a decrease in serum IgG. Conversely, OCS use has minimal impact on circulating B cell, serum IgM, or serum IgA levels. Although there is a paucity of literature, individuals treated with…

• Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA) as a potential candidate for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants: In silico prediction and experimental validation - CONCLUSION: This study indicates that UDA interaction with RBD^(Omic) prevents virus attachment to Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and, therefore, its entry into the host cell. Altogether, UDA exhibited a significant suppression effect on the Omicron variant and can be considered a new candidate to improve protection against severe infection of this variant.

• Heparanase-1: From Cancer Biology to a Future Antiviral Target - Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are a major constituent of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and are found to be implicated in viral infections, where they play a role in both cell entry and release for many viruses. The enzyme heparanase-1 is the only known endo-beta-D-glucuronidase capable of degrading heparan sulphate (HS) chains of HSPGs and is thus important for regulating ECM homeostasis. Heparanase-1 expression is tightly regulated as the uncontrolled cleavage of HS may result in…

• Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab in SARS-CoV-2 Prophylaxis and Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Experience - Effective treatments and vaccines against COVID-19 used in clinical practice have made a positive impact on controlling the spread of the pandemic, where they are available. Nevertheless, even if fully vaccinated, immunocompromised patients still remain at high risk of adverse outcomes. This has driven the largely expanding field of monoclonal antibodies, with variable results. Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab (AZD7442), a long-acting antibody combination that inhibits the attachment of the SARS-CoV-2…

• Generation and Characterization of a SARS-CoV-2-Susceptible Mouse Model Using Adeno-Associated Virus (AAV6.2FF)-Mediated Respiratory Delivery of the Human ACE2 Gene - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the aetiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has caused a pandemic with millions of human infections. There continues to be a pressing need to develop potential therapies and vaccines to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection to mitigate the ongoing pandemic. Epidemiological data from the current pandemic indicates that there may be sex-dependent differences in disease outcomes. To investigate these differences, we…

• Pilot Study for Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine with Seasonal Influenza and Pertussis Vaccines in Pregnant Women - CONCLUSION: This is the pilot study to demonstrate the effects of influenza and the Tdap vaccine on the immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among pregnant women. These results suggest that combination vaccination during pregnancy may result in immunogenic interactions.

• Placental Transfer Immunity to the Newborns in a Twin Pregnant Women Vaccinated with Heterologous CoronaVac-ChAdOx1 - Pregnant women who receive the COVID-19 vaccine develop anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, which can be transferred to the fetus. However, the effectiveness of placental transfer has not been evaluated in twin pregnancy, especially in cases vaccinated with heterologous CoronaVac (Sinovac)-ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) regimen, which was commonly used in many countries. Case: A 34-year-old Thai woman with a twin pregnancy attended our antenatal care clinic at 21 + 2 weeks of gestation and requested…

• Unglycosylated Soluble SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) Produced in E. coli Combined with the Army Liposomal Formulation Containing QS21 (ALFQ) Elicits Neutralizing Antibodies against Mismatched Variants - The emergence of novel potentially pandemic pathogens necessitates the rapid manufacture and deployment of effective, stable, and locally manufacturable vaccines on a global scale. In this study, the ability of the Escherichia coli expression system to produce the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was evaluated. The RBD of the original Wuhan-Hu1 variant and of the Alpha and Beta variants of concern (VoC) were expressed in E. coli, and their biochemical and…

• mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines-Facts and Hypotheses on Fragmentation and Encapsulation - CONCLUSION: we insist on the need to develop lipid nanoparticles allowing personalized administration of vaccines and avoiding adverse effects due to mRNA fragmentation and inefficient biodistribution. Hence, we recommend (i) adapting the mRNA of vaccines to the least mutated virus proteins and (ii) personalizing its administration to the categories of chronic patients at risk most likely to suffer from adverse effects.

• Antiadherent AgBDC Metal-Organic Framework Coating for Escherichia coli Biofilm Inhibition - Surface microbial colonization and its potential biofilm formation are currently a major unsolved problem, causing almost 75% of human infectious diseases. Pathogenic biofilms are capable of surviving high antibiotic doses, resulting in inefficient treatments and, subsequently, raised infection prevalence rates. Antibacterial coatings have become a promising strategy against the biofilm formation in biomedical devices due to their biocidal activity without compromising the bulk material. Here,…

• Synthesis of Novel 1,3,4-Oxadiazole-Derived α-Aminophosphonates/α-Aminophosphonic Acids and Evaluation of Their In Vitro Antiviral Activity against the Avian Coronavirus Infectious Bronchitis Virus - An efficient and simple approach has been developed for the synthesis of eight dialkyl/aryl[(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylamino)(aryl)methyl]phosphonates through the Pudovik-type reaction of dialkyl/arylphosphite with imines, obtained from 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine and aromatic aldehydes, under microwave irradiation. Five of them were hydrolyzed to lead to the corresponding phosphonic acids. Selected synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antiviral activity against the…

• CD4+ T Cell Regulatory Network Underlies the Decrease in Th1 and the Increase in Anergic and Th17 Subsets in Severe COVID-19 - In this model we use a dynamic and multistable Boolean regulatory network to provide a mechanistic explanation of the lymphopenia and dysregulation of CD4+ T cell subsets in COVID-19 and provide therapeutic targets. Using a previous model, the cytokine micro-environments found in mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 with and without TGF-β and IL-10 was we simulated. It shows that as the severity of the disease increases, the number of antiviral Th1 cells decreases, while the the number of…

• Biobran/MGN-3, an Arabinoxylan Rice Bran, Protects against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): An In Vitro and In Silico Study - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), poses a serious global public health threat for which there is currently no satisfactory treatment. This study examines the efficacy of Biobran/MGN-3 against SARS-CoV-2. Biobran is an arabinoxylan rice bran that has been shown to significantly inhibit the related influenza virus in geriatric subjects. Here, Biobran’s anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity was assessed using MTT and plaque…

• The Entrapment and Concentration of SARS-CoV-2 Particles with Graphene Oxide: An In Vitro Assay - Previous studies have suggested that graphene oxide (GO) has some antiviral capacity against some enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Given this background, we wanted to test the in vitro antiviral ability to GO using the viral plaque assay technique. Two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles were synthesized using the modified Hummers method, varying the oxidation conditions to achieve nanoparticles between 390 and 718 nm. The antiviral activity of GO was evaluated by experimental…

From Patent Search